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GENERAL FORMAT

Reference list:

Whole work

Author, A., & Author, B. (date). Title of document (Edition statement). Publication place: Publisher.

Print item, part of a work

Author, A. (date). Title of article. In E. Editor (Ed.). Title of work (Edition statement, pp. x-xx). Publication place: Publisher.

Intext:

(Author, date) or (Author, date, page)

BOOK: ONE AUTHOR

Use the general format

Reference list:

Swan, G. (2001). Frogs of Australia. Sydney: New Holland.

Intext:

(Swan, 2001).

BOOK: TWO AUTHORS

Use an ampersand in reference list

In reference lists

Maynard, J., & Cadzow, A. (2011). Aboriginal studies. Melbourne: Nelson Cengage.

In text

Always include both authors in the order in which they appear. Separate names in running text using ‘and’; within parentheses, using an ampersand (&):

(Maynard & Cadzow, 2011) or:

Maynard and Cadzow (2011) assert that ...

BOOK: 3-5 AUTHORS

Referencing more than 3 authors

In reference lists

Sartor, A., Heffernan., D, Bastian, J., & Grieve, B. (2002). Biology preliminary. Sydney: Science Press.

Don’t use et al. in the references. List all authors in the order in which they appear on the title page.

In text

State all authors when first mentioning the source. Subsequent references to the source are shortened to the first surname followed by ‘et al.’ (= and others):

First entry: Sartor, Heffernan, Bastian and Grieve (2002, p. 78)

Subsequent entries: Sartor et al. (2002, p. 78)

BOOK: 6+ AUTHORS

Use et al for all in-text referencing

Reference list:

For 6 or 7 authors, list all authors just like 3-5 authors. For more than 7 authors, list the first 6... and the last.

Intext:

For all intext referencing use the first author et al.

BOOK: EDITOR

Use (Ed.) for an editor and (Eds.) for more than 1 editor

Reference list:

Drewe, R. (Ed.). (1997). The Penguin book of the city. Ringwood: Penguin.

Murphy, E., & Hicks, M. (Eds.). (2006). How to get that job. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Intext:

(Drewe, 1997, p. 23)

(Murphy & Hicks, 2006, p. 58)

.

CHAPTER IN EDITED BOOK

The author of the chapter goes first. The editors name (reversed) goes in the title.

Reference list:

Cooper, C. (2011). The performer in theatre in education. In A. Jackson & C. Vine (Eds.), Learning through theatre: New perspectives on theatre in education (pp. 45-54). London: Routledge.

Intext:

(Cooper, 2011, p. 50)

BOOK: NO AUTHOR

Use the title, followed by the date. You can abbreviate the title in-text.

Reference list:

Boomerang book of Australian poetry. (1956). London: Longman.

Intext:

(“Boomerang book”, 1956, p. vii)

.

BOOK: ORGANISATION AS AUTHOR

Organisations can be abbreviated in square brackets for in-text referencing.

Reference list:

National Museum of Australia. (2009). Life at Mulga Bore. Melbourne: Pearson Rigby.

International Federation of Library Associations [IFLA]. (2013). Riding the waves or caught in the tide: Navigating the evolving information environment. The Hague, Netherlands: Author

Intext:

(National Museum of Australia, 2009)

(IFLA, 2013)

.

BOOKLET/BROCHURE/PAMPHLET

If there is no distinction between author and publisher use "author" as the publisher

Reference list:

Sydney Water. (2014). Sydney’s Drinking Water [Pamphlet]. Author.

Intext:

(Sydney Water, 2014)

EXHIBITION CATALOGUE

Treat like a brochure or book depending on format

Reference list:

Gordon, K. (2008). Systema naturae: New works by Kevin Gordon [Brochure]. Perth, Australia: FORM Gallery.

Intext:

(Gordon, 2008)

PRINT NEWSPAPER

See the journals page for description of different styles

Reference list:

Oxford, J. (2016, September 6). Party teen hurt. Hills Shire Times. p. 1.

Intext:

(Oxford, 2016, p.1)

NOTES TAKEN IN CLASS

For handwritten or tyed notes

Reference list:

Fotheringham, J. (2012, March 3). Models of Chinese investment [Class notes]. St Scholastica’s College: Author.

Intext:

(Fotheringham, 2012, para. 2)

ARCHIVED PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS

Diary, photo, transcript of interview

Reference list:

Thomas, R.S. (2002, January 13). Inequalities in the Australian health system [Transcript of audiotape]. Brisbane: Queensland Department of Health.

Intext:

(Thomas, 2002)

BIBLE

Don't include in reference list. The version of the Bible only needs to be cited the first time, unless you change versions.

Intext:

First citation: (2 Cor. 5:17 New International Version)

Next citation (Gen. 3:27)

SHAKESPEARE (AND OTHER CLASSICS)

Don't include in reference list.

Intext:

(“Julius Caesar”, act 2, scene 1, line 21)

POEM

For poems in an edited collection add the poem title to the reference list and in-text entry

Reference list:

Owen, W. (2009). “Soldier’s Dream.” In D. Hibberd (Ed.), War poems and others (p. 100). London: Routledge. (Originally written 1917).

Intext:

(“Soldier’s Dream”, Owen, 2009)

UNPUBLISHED PERSONAL COMMUNICATION

Don't include in reference list

Intext:

(D. Jones, 20 March 2016, pers. comm.)

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